Washington DC - The US Congress passed a stopgap funding bill Wednesday to keep federal agencies running for another two months and avert a painful holiday season government shutdown – although the deal leaves out military funding for Ukraine and Israel requested by President Joe Biden.

Three days before the Friday night deadline, the Senate voted to keep the lights on through mid-January with a resolution that had advanced from the House of Representatives during a week of high-stakes brinkmanship on Capitol Hill.

The last-ditch "continuing resolution" was pitched by new House Speaker Mike Johnson as more than a million public workers looked set to be sent home unpaid ahead of next Thursday's Thanksgiving holiday, upending government functions from national parks and air traffic control to federal policymaking.

Democrats had pressed for the inclusion of military aid for Israel, Ukraine, and Taiwan, but each now looks set to be dealt with separately, with a $61 billion request from the White House for Kyiv looking particularly precarious.

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Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer said the bill was "far from perfect" but achieved Democrats' aims of keeping the lights on without "cruel cuts or poison pills."

The shutdown crisis was triggered by hardline conservatives in the Republican-led House defying their own party leadership to scupper the bills that normally set the annual federal budget as they pressed for deep spending cuts.

House Republicans needed help from Democrats to overcome a rebellion on the right to advance the bill, which essentially puts off budgeting until January of 2024 – a presidential election year.

The measure includes none of the policy priorities or drastic cuts the Republican right flank was pushing for, and conservatives put Johnson on notice that they would not accept another stopgap at current spending levels.

"We're done with the failure theater here in Congress – we're not just going to pass bills that don't address the problems that Americans face," said Scott Perry, chair of the hard-right House Freedom Caucus.

Budget votes in Congress regularly turn into a standoff, with one party using the prospect of a shutdown to seek concessions from the other, usually without success.

This one was seen as Johnson's first major leadership test, after allies of former president Donald Trump, furious that their leadership had reached a deal with Biden to extend funding, successfully moved to oust Johnson's predecessor Kevin McCarthy in October.

The historic rebellion left the lower chamber paralyzed for three weeks as Republicans struggled to find a replacement leader.

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"At this point, it's important for the Congress to come together, Democrats and Republicans, on a bipartisan path forward to fully funding the government," Democratic House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries told reporters.

"It should be obvious to anyone who is watching that House Republicans are unable to govern on their own. Period, full stop, no further observation necessary."

There have been no shutdowns so far under Biden, although Trump saw two, including a 35-day shutdown five years ago that was the longest in US history.