Washington DC - The Trump administration asked the Supreme Court on Thursday to back its bid to end the temporary protected status (TPS) shielding more than 350,000 Venezuelans from deportation.

A federal judge in California put a temporary stay in March on plans by Homeland Security chief Kristi Noem to end deportation protections for the Venezuelan nationals.

US District Judge Edward Chen said the plan to end TPS "smacks of racism" and mischaracterizes Venezuelans as criminals.

"Acting on the basis of a negative group stereotype and generalizing such stereotype to the entire group is the classic example of racism," Chen wrote.

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Solicitor General John Sauer filed an emergency application with the conservative-majority Supreme Court on Thursday asking it to stay the judge's order.

"So long as the order is in effect, the secretary must permit hundreds of thousands of Venezuelan nationals to remain in the country, notwithstanding her reasoned determination that doing so is 'contrary to the national interest,'" Sauer said.

In addition, "the district court's decision undermines the executive branch's inherent powers as to immigration and foreign affairs," he added.

Former president Joe Biden extended TPS for another 18 months just days before Donald Trump returned to the White House in January.

The US grants TPS to foreign citizens who cannot safely return home because of war, natural disasters, or other "extraordinary" conditions.

Trump campaigned for the White House, promising to deport millions of undocumented migrants.

A number of his executive orders around immigration have encountered pushback from judges across the country.

A federal judge in Texas ruled on Thursday that Trump's use of an obscure wartime law to summarily deport alleged Venezuelan gang members was "unlawful."

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District Judge Fernando Rodriguez, a Trump appointee, blocked any deportations from his southern Texas district of alleged members of the Tren de Aragua (TdA) gang using the 1798 Alien Enemies Act (AEA).

Trump invoked the little-known AEA, which was last used to round up Japanese-American citizens during World War II, on March 15 and flew two planeloads of alleged TdA members to El Salvador's notorious maximum security CECOT prison.

The Supreme Court and several district courts have temporarily halted removals under the AEA, citing a lack of due process, but Rodriguez was the first federal judge to find that its use is unlawful.